API
ZooKeeper官方提供了Java API,可以通过Java代码来连接zookeeper服务进行操作。可以连接、创建节点、获取节点数据、监听节点变化等操作,具体有以下几个重要的类:
- ZooKeeper:ZooKeeper类是Java API的核心类,用于与ZooKeeper服务器建立连接,并提供了一系列方法来操作ZooKeeper的节点。
- Watcher:Watcher是ZooKeeper的一个回调接口,当节点发生变化时会调用相应的方法进行通知。
- CreateMode:CreateMode枚举类定义了节点的类型,包括永久节点、临时节点、顺序节点和临时顺序节点。
- Stat:Stat类表示节点的元数据信息,比如修改版本、数据长度、子节点数量等。
添加依赖
org.apache.zookeeper zookeeper3.7.2
操作例子
String host = "localhost:2181"; //建立连接 zooKeeper = new ZooKeeper(host, 2000, null); String path = "/test"; Watcher watcher = new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) { System.out.println("Node changed: " + watchedEvent.getPath()); System.out.println(watchedEvent); } }; //获取节点状态 如果不存在返回null Stat stat = zooKeeper.exists(path, false); if(null != stat){ System.out.println(stat.getCzxid()+"-"+stat.getAversion()); } //创建节点 包含版本、时间、数据长度等信息 zooKeeper.create(path,"123".getBytes(),ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,CreateMode.PERSISTENT); //添加watcher zooKeeper.addWatch(path, watcher, AddWatchMode.PERSISTENT); //获取节点数据 byte[] data = zooKeeper.getData(path, false, null); System.out.println(new String(data)); zooKeeper.create(path+"/1","child1".getBytes(),ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,CreateMode.PERSISTENT); //获取子节点 Listchildren = zooKeeper.getChildren(path, false); System.out.println("childs size:"+children.size()); //删除子节点 zooKeeper.delete(path+"/1",-1); zooKeeper.close();
zkClient
zkClient封装了zookeeper的官方api,简化了一些繁琐的操作,并提供了一些额外的功能,提高了开发效.
添加依赖
com.101tec zkclient0.11
zkclient对节点数据的操作进行了序列化, 这里先准备一个string类型的序列化类。需要实现ZkSerializer接口
public class ZkStringSerializer implements ZkSerializer { @Override public byte[] serialize(Object o) throws ZkMarshallingError { return String.valueOf(o).getBytes(); } @Override public Object deserialize(byte[] bytes) throws ZkMarshallingError { return new String(bytes); } }
基本操作
ZkClient zkClient = new ZkClient("localhost:2181"); //自定义序列化 否则报错 zkClient.setZkSerializer(new ZkStringSerializer()); String path = "/test"; //判断节点是否存在 boolean exist = zkClient.exists(path); System.out.println(exist); if(!exist){//创建节点 zkClient.create(path,"123", CreateMode.PERSISTENT); } //读取节点数据 System.out.println((String) zkClient.readData(path)); zkClient.writeData(path,"456");//设置节点数据 System.out.println((String) zkClient.readData(path)); zkClient.delete(path);//删除节点 zkClient.close();
节点变化事件
String path = "/test"; /** * 节点变化事件 * 只监听节点增减,不监听数据变化事件 */ zkClient.subscribeChildChanges(path, new IZkChildListener() { @Override public void handleChildChange(String parentPath, Listchildren) throws Exception { System.out.println("节点"+parentPath+"发生变化"); System.out.println(children); } }); //节点操作,观察handleChildChange接收到对应事件 Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.createPersistent(path); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.createPersistent(path+"/child1"); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.writeData(path+"/child1","123"); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.delete(path+"/child1"); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.delete(path); Thread.sleep(100000);
节点数据变化事件
String path = "/test"; /** * 节点变化事件,只检测当前节点,感知不到其子节点 * 节点被删除或节点数据变化 */ zkClient.subscribeDataChanges(path, new IZkDataListener() { @Override public void handleDataChange(String s, Object o) throws Exception { System.out.println("节点:"+s+"数据变为:"+o); } @Override public void handleDataDeleted(String s) throws Exception { System.out.println("节点:"+s+"删除"); } }); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.createPersistent(path); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.createPersistent(path+"/child1"); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.delete(path+"/child1"); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.writeData(path,"123"); Thread.sleep(2000); zkClient.delete(path); Thread.sleep(100000); }
Curator
curator是另一个java连接zookeeper类库。功能更加强大。提供了连接重试、分布式锁、选举、队列等多种实际场景的用例。这里先简单搞个使用例子。
添加依赖
org.apache.curator curator-framework5.1.0
curator-framework是基础的依赖,一些特定的使用方式需要添加不同的依赖,有curator-recipes、curator-x-discovery、curator-x-async等。
基本操作
//创建连接 CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("localhost:2181", new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3)); client.start(); String path = "/test"; client.checkExists().forPath(path);//判断是否存在 client.create().forPath(path, "123".getBytes());//创建节点 byte[] data = client.getData().forPath(path);//获取数据 System.out.println(new String(data)); client.setData().forPath(path, "456".getBytes());//设置数据 client.delete().forPath(path);//删除节点 client.close();
节点监听
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("localhost:2181", new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3)); client.start(); String path = "/test"; NodeCache nodeCache = new NodeCache(client,path); //添加监听 nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() { @Override public void nodeChanged() throws Exception { ChildData data = nodeCache.getCurrentData(); if (data != null) { System.out.println("Node changed: " + data.getPath() + ", value: " + new String(data.getData())); } else { System.out.println("Node deleted: " + nodeCache.getPath()); } } }); nodeCache.start(); client.create().forPath(path); client.setData().forPath(path, "123".getBytes()); client.delete().forPath(path); client.close();
这里NodeCache被标识@Deprecated,也不知道被什么方式代替了,后面再研究。先简单使用。
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