python实现贪吃蛇小游戏（附源码）

文章目录

• • 导入所需的模块
  • 坐标
  • 主游戏循环模块
  • 得分

    贪吃蛇小游戏，那个曾经陪伴着00后和90后度过无数欢笑时光的熟悉身影，仿佛是一把打开时光之门的钥匙。它不仅是游戏世界的经典之一，更是我们童年岁月中不可或缺的一部分，一个承载回忆的游乐场。

    

    今天，我怀着对过去美好时光的怀念，决定带领大家一同重温这个经典之作。十分钟的时间，足够我们完成一个贪吃蛇小游戏的从零到一的制作过程，唤起那些沉淀在记忆深处的片段，重新演绎一场美好的回忆之旅。

    导入所需的模块

    # 导入所需模块
    import random
    import sys
    import time
    import pygame
    from pygame.locals import *
    from collections import deque
    

    坐标

    游戏开发的过程就像是一场时光穿越，从屏幕宽度、高度到小方格大小的定义，每一行代码都是对童年时光的致敬。这个过程不仅是技术的挑战，更是对那段充满激情和无限可能的年华的致敬。

    贪吃蛇的身影在初始化的瞬间重新出现，如同见到了一个久违的老友。我们为它赋予了起始的位置和长度，仿佛重新揭开了小时候那个属于自己的游戏序幕。这个小小的蛇身，是我们成长路上最初的探险者，见证了我们一步步蜕变的过程。

    SCREEN_WIDTH = 600      # 屏幕宽度
    SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480     # 屏幕高度
    SIZE = 20               # 小方格大小
    LINE_WIDTH = 1          # 网格线宽度
    SCOPE_X = (0, SCREEN_WIDTH // SIZE - 1)  # 游戏区域的坐标范围
    SCOPE_Y = (2, SCREEN_HEIGHT // SIZE - 1)
    FOOD_STYLE_LIST = [(10, (255, 100, 100)), (20, (100, 255, 100)), (30, (100, 100, 255))]
    LIGHT = (100, 100, 100)
    DARK = (200, 200, 200)      # 蛇的颜色
    BLACK = (0, 0, 0)           # 网格线颜色
    RED = (200, 30, 30)         # 红色，GAME OVER 的字体颜色
    BGCOLOR = (40, 40, 60)      # 背景色
    def print_text(screen, font, x, y, text, fcolor=(255, 255, 255)):
        imgText = font.render(text, True, fcolor)
        screen.blit(imgText, (x, y))
    def init_snake():
        snake = deque()
        snake.append((2, SCOPE_Y[0]))
        snake.append((1, SCOPE_Y[0]))
        snake.append((0, SCOPE_Y[0]))
        return snake
    def create_food(snake):
        food_x = random.randint(SCOPE_X[0], SCOPE_X[1])
        food_y = random.randint(SCOPE_Y[0], SCOPE_Y[1])
        while (food_x, food_y) in snake:
            food_x = random.randint(SCOPE_X[0], SCOPE_X[1])
            food_y = random.randint(SCOPE_Y[0], SCOPE_Y[1])
        return food_x, food_y
    def get_food_style():
        return FOOD_STYLE_LIST[random.randint(0, 2)]
    

    接下来，食物的生成成为游戏中一个不可或缺的元素。通过随机生成食物的位置、不同食物的分值和颜色，我们为游戏注入了更多的趣味性和挑战性。这一步仿佛是在重新编织那些小时候追逐食物的记忆，让我们感受到小时候的单纯和快乐。

    主游戏循环模块

    游戏循环的设计，通过键盘输入监听实现蛇的移动和游戏的暂停，让我们仿佛回到了小时候手持小键盘的场景。这个过程不仅是对技术的实践，更是一次与自己童年亲密互动的体验。

    # 主游戏循环模块
    def main():
        pygame.init()
        screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
        pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
        font1 = pygame.font.SysFont('SimHei', 24)  # 得分的字体
        font2 = pygame.font.Font(None, 72)  # GAME OVER 的字体
        fwidth, fheight = font2.size('GAME OVER')
        b = True  # 防止蛇在移动时方向被覆盖的标志
        snake = init_snake()
        food = create_food(snake)
        food_style = get_food_style()
        pos = (1, 0)
        game_over = True
        start = False
        score = 0
        orispeed = 0.5
        speed = orispeed
        last_move_time = None
        pause = False
        while True:
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == QUIT:
                    sys.exit()
                elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                    if event.key == K_RETURN:
                        if game_over:
                            start = True
                            game_over = False
                            b = True
                            snake = init_snake()
                            food = create_food(snake)
                            food_style = get_food_style()
                            pos = (1, 0)
                            score = 0
                            last_move_time = time.time()
                    elif event.key == K_SPACE:
                        if not game_over:
                            pause = not pause
                    elif event.key in (K_w, K_UP):
                        if b and not pos[1]:
                            pos = (0, -1)
                            b = False
                    elif event.key in (K_s, K_DOWN):
                        if b and not pos[1]:
                            pos = (0, 1)
                            b = False
                    elif event.key in (K_a, K_LEFT):
                        if b and not pos[0]:
                            pos = (-1, 0)
                            b = False
                    elif event.key in (K_d, K_RIGHT):
                        if b and not pos[0]:
                            pos = (1, 0)
                            b = False
            screen.fill(BGCOLOR)
            for x in range(SIZE, SCREEN_WIDTH, SIZE):
                pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (x, SCOPE_Y[0] * SIZE), (x, SCREEN_HEIGHT), LINE_WIDTH)
            for y in range(SCOPE_Y[0] * SIZE, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SIZE):
                pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (0, y), (SCREEN_WIDTH, y), LINE_WIDTH)
            if not game_over:
                curTime = time.time()
                if curTime - last_move_time > speed:
                    if not pause:
                        b = True
                        last_move_time = curTime
                        next_s = (snake[0][0] + pos[0], snake[0][1] + pos[1])
                        if next_s == food:
                            snake.appendleft(next_s)
                            score += food_style[0]
                            speed = orispeed - 0.03 * (score // 100)
                            food = create_food(snake)
                            food_style = get_food_style()
                        else:
                            if SCOPE_X[0] <= next_s[0] <= SCOPE_X[1] and SCOPE_Y[0] <= next_s[1] <= SCOPE_Y[1] \
                                    and next_s not in snake:
                                snake.appendleft(next_s)
                                snake.pop()
                            else:
                                game_over = True
            if not game_over:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, food_style[1], (food[0] * SIZE, food[1] * SIZE, SIZE, SIZE), 0)
            for s in snake:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, DARK, (s[0] * SIZE + LINE_WIDTH, s[1] * SIZE + LINE_WIDTH,
                                                SIZE - LINE_WIDTH * 2, SIZE - LINE_WIDTH * 2), 0)
            print_text(screen, font1, 30, 7, f'速度: {score//100}')
            print_text(screen, font1, 450, 7, f'得分: {score}')
            if game_over:
                if start:
                    print_text(screen, font2, (SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth) // 2, (SCREEN_HEIGHT - fheight) // 2, 'GAME OVER', RED)
            pygame.display.update()
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
    

    得分

    得分、速度、游戏结束的提示，这些细节的设计仿佛勾勒出了那个属于00后和90后的美好时光。每一分每一秒，都是成长路上的一个标记，而游戏结束的时候，又是对那段失落感和温馨感的深刻回味。

    十分钟的开发过程，从零到一，我们完成了一个小小的贪吃蛇游戏。这不仅是对技术的挑战，更是对自己童年回忆的一次丰富的续写。这个小小的游戏带着我们穿越时光的隧道，让我们再次感受到小时候单纯而美好的游戏时光。

    在这短短的时间里，我们不仅仅是在屏幕上编写代码，更是在搭建一个关于童年回忆的小世界。贪吃蛇小游戏的复刻，不仅是对技术能力的锻炼，更是对那段纯真岁月的怀念。或许，这个小游戏成为了一个时光机，将我们带回了那个曾经充满梦想和勇气的时代。

    全部代码：

    # 贪吃蛇游戏模块
    import random
    import sys
    import time
    import pygame
    from pygame.locals import *
    from collections import deque
    SCREEN_WIDTH = 600      # 屏幕宽度
    SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480     # 屏幕高度
    SIZE = 20               # 小方格大小
    LINE_WIDTH = 1          # 网格线宽度
    SCOPE_X = (0, SCREEN_WIDTH // SIZE - 1)  # 游戏区域的坐标范围
    SCOPE_Y = (2, SCREEN_HEIGHT // SIZE - 1)
    FOOD_STYLE_LIST = [(10, (255, 100, 100)), (20, (100, 255, 100)), (30, (100, 100, 255))]
    LIGHT = (100, 100, 100)
    DARK = (200, 200, 200)      # 蛇的颜色
    BLACK = (0, 0, 0)           # 网格线颜色
    RED = (200, 30, 30)         # 红色，GAME OVER 的字体颜色
    BGCOLOR = (40, 40, 60)      # 背景色
    def print_text(screen, font, x, y, text, fcolor=(255, 255, 255)):
        imgText = font.render(text, True, fcolor)
        screen.blit(imgText, (x, y))
    def init_snake():
        snake = deque()
        snake.append((2, SCOPE_Y[0]))
        snake.append((1, SCOPE_Y[0]))
        snake.append((0, SCOPE_Y[0]))
        return snake
    def create_food(snake):
        food_x = random.randint(SCOPE_X[0], SCOPE_X[1])
        food_y = random.randint(SCOPE_Y[0], SCOPE_Y[1])
        while (food_x, food_y) in snake:
            food_x = random.randint(SCOPE_X[0], SCOPE_X[1])
            food_y = random.randint(SCOPE_Y[0], SCOPE_Y[1])
        return food_x, food_y
    def get_food_style():
        return FOOD_STYLE_LIST[random.randint(0, 2)]
    # 主游戏循环模块
    def main():
        pygame.init()
        screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
        pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
        font1 = pygame.font.SysFont('SimHei', 24)  # 得分的字体
        font2 = pygame.font.Font(None, 72)  # GAME OVER 的字体
        fwidth, fheight = font2.size('GAME OVER')
        b = True  # 防止蛇在移动时方向被覆盖的标志
        snake = init_snake()
        food = create_food(snake)
        food_style = get_food_style()
        pos = (1, 0)
        game_over = True
        start = False
        score = 0
        orispeed = 0.5
        speed = orispeed
        last_move_time = None
        pause = False
        while True:
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == QUIT:
                    sys.exit()
                elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                    if event.key == K_RETURN:
                        if game_over:
                            start = True
                            game_over = False
                            b = True
                            snake = init_snake()
                            food = create_food(snake)
                            food_style = get_food_style()
                            pos = (1, 0)
                            score = 0
                            last_move_time = time.time()
                    elif event.key == K_SPACE:
                        if not game_over:
                            pause = not pause
                    elif event.key in (K_w, K_UP):
                        if b and not pos[1]:
                            pos = (0, -1)
                            b = False
                    elif event.key in (K_s, K_DOWN):
                        if b and not pos[1]:
                            pos = (0, 1)
                            b = False
                    elif event.key in (K_a, K_LEFT):
                        if b and not pos[0]:
                            pos = (-1, 0)
                            b = False
                    elif event.key in (K_d, K_RIGHT):
                        if b and not pos[0]:
                            pos = (1, 0)
                            b = False
            screen.fill(BGCOLOR)
            for x in range(SIZE, SCREEN_WIDTH, SIZE):
                pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (x, SCOPE_Y[0] * SIZE), (x, SCREEN_HEIGHT), LINE_WIDTH)
            for y in range(SCOPE_Y[0] * SIZE, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SIZE):
                pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (0, y), (SCREEN_WIDTH, y), LINE_WIDTH)
            if not game_over:
                curTime = time.time()
                if curTime - last_move_time > speed:
                    if not pause:
                        b = True
                        last_move_time = curTime
                        next_s = (snake[0][0] + pos[0], snake[0][1] + pos[1])
                        if next_s == food:
                            snake.appendleft(next_s)
                            score += food_style[0]
                            speed = orispeed - 0.03 * (score // 100)
                            food = create_food(snake)
                            food_style = get_food_style()
                        else:
                            if SCOPE_X[0] <= next_s[0] <= SCOPE_X[1] and SCOPE_Y[0] <= next_s[1] <= SCOPE_Y[1] \
                                    and next_s not in snake:
                                snake.appendleft(next_s)
                                snake.pop()
                            else:
                                game_over = True
            if not game_over:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, food_style[1], (food[0] * SIZE, food[1] * SIZE, SIZE, SIZE), 0)
            for s in snake:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, DARK, (s[0] * SIZE + LINE_WIDTH, s[1] * SIZE + LINE_WIDTH,
                                                SIZE - LINE_WIDTH * 2, SIZE - LINE_WIDTH * 2), 0)
            print_text(screen, font1, 30, 7, f'速度: {score//100}')
            print_text(screen, font1, 450, 7, f'得分: {score}')
            if game_over:
                if start:
                    print_text(screen, font2, (SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth) // 2, (SCREEN_HEIGHT - fheight) // 2, 'GAME OVER', RED)
            pygame.display.update()
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()